Nutritional and biological evaluation of Vicia faba L. green waste pods in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Document Type : Original research articles

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Home Economics Dept. - Specific Education Faculty - Mansoura University

Abstract

This investigation aimed to evaluate the nutritional value and the effect of the pod's "byproduct" of green broad bean on glycemia and lipidemia in diabetic rats, in addition to their effect on liver enzymes and renal functions. Thirty male albino rats were classified into six groups (5 each). One of them was used as normal control, whereas the other groups received injections of streptozotocin to induce diabetes. One of these diabetic groups was saved as a positive control. The remaining diabetic groups received two concentrations of both pod powder (G3&G4) and pod extract (G5&G6). Sensory evaluation was carried out on a fried falafel fortified with green pods. The groups receiving the pod powder (10%) and the methanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) showed notable reductions in serum glucose, HbA1C, TC, TG and LDL-c, liver enzymes, and kidney function tests. Significant increases were noticed in the treated groups' serum HDL-c and serum albumin. Histopathological examination revealed improvement in the pancreas in the treated groups. Sensory evaluation of the famous "fried falafel" product showed the best results with the paste fortified by 20%. The findings show that broad bean pods, typically wasted, could be a valuable source of nutraceuticals such as carbs, fiber, proteins, and amino acids. In conclusion, broad bean pods might serve as a promising adjunct therapy in treating diabetes and its consequences, enhancing the effectiveness of conventional treatments

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