Possible Employing Of Clover Berseem ,(Trifolium Alexandrinum) Plant Parts As Remedies For Hepatointoxication Of Male Albino Rats.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of plant parts on impaired liver function by injecting rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Thirty five adult male albino rats weighing 150 ±10g were divided into two main groups and  five sub groups, each with five rats. One of main groups (not injected) was considered as negative control group which fed on standard diet and tap water, and the other main group was fed on standard diet and injected s/c by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in olive oil 50% v/v (3ml/kg. B.wt.) twice a week for two weeks to induce hepatointoxication. This main group was divided into 6 groups to be fed on the experimental diets for (4) weeks according to the following: Group (2) :Positive control group (untreated group) , Group(3):Feeding with 5g/100g Flowers, Group (4): Feeding with 5g/100g Leaves, Group (5): Feeding with 5g/100g Stems, Group (6): Feeding with 5g/100g Roots, Group (7): Feeding with 5g/100g Seeds of berseem plant. At the end of experiment (4 weeks), the blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting and serum was separated for determination of: Lipid profile:Total cholesterol (T.C),tri- glycerides (T.G), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C),low density lipo protein (LDL-C), very low density lipo protein (VLDL-C) and Atherogenic Index (AI) ,Serum glucose,Serum liver functions: Aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), (AST/ALT) ratio,total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio,total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin, serum antioxidant enzymes: Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) and kidney functions (urea, creatinine, uric acid).At the same time, the organs: Liver, Heart, Spleen , kidney and lungs were removed ,washed in saline solution, wiped by filter paper and weighted and histopathological changes of liver and kidney were examined.The obtained results revealed that treatment by 5g/100g berseem clover seeds led to significant increase in body weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency ratio and significant decrease in urea and  creatinine .Treatment by 5g/100g berseem clover flowers led to significant decrease in serum glucose. Treatment by 5g/100g berseem clover leaves led also to significant decrease in T.C, T. G, LDL- C, VLDL-C ,AI, AST, ALT, ALP, (AST/ALT) ratio, globulin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, and significant  increase of HDL-C, total protein, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT).