Nutritional And Biochemical Studies On Obesity And Its Complications In Population Of Sharkia And Qalyubia Governorates, Egypt

Document Type : Original research articles

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Abstract

Obesity is nowadays considered as a top risk factor in the development of many diseases and is causative of morbidity of patients suffering from metabolic syndrome. Some studies have examined the association many chronic diseases with overweight and obesity. However, for a number of populations, including the Egyptian, information on this relationship is missing. Therefore, purpose of the present study was to analyze the socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional and biochemical parameters and oxidative stress and antioxidant defense systems on obese and control adult groups in a trial to investigate the correlation between obesity and many other diseases that may be the reason, or the so-called obesity complications. Socio-demographic characteristics of the studied groups found that  persons from rural areas (58.33%), low and middle social class (79.76%), illiterate to middle education (76.19%) and  big family size (4-5 persons, 35.71%) were the significant risk factors for obesity.  Biochemical analysis data indicated that obese adult group recorded significant (p≤0.05) higher values for the liver enzymes activities (ALT, 29.44%; AST, 27.95% and AP, 34.35), kidney functions (uric acid, 26.64% and creatinine, 29.62%) and serum glucose (28.24%) than the normal group.  For blood lipids profile, obese group exhibited significant (p≤0.05) higher values for TG (33.63%) TC (34.80%), LDL (84.05) and VLDL (33.63) while significant decreased (p < /em>≤0.05) in HDL (-28.03)  than the normal groups.  Additionally, obese group adults recorded significant (p≤0.05) higher values for oxidative stress parameter (TBARS, 36.05%;  NO2 , 30.29 and NO3 + NO2, 28.54) and significant (p≤0.05) lower values for antioxidative defense systems [glutathione fractions, GSH (-33.36%), GSSG (-19.61%), GSH/GSSG (-17.11%) and antioxidant vitamins, A (-39.33), C (-13.25)  and E (-23.68%)] than the normal groups.  Such data confirmed the correlation between the obesity and the pathogenesis of many diseases that may be the reason including liver, kidney, heart and diabetes diseases. This may be useful in the design and dissemination of awareness of nutritional and health programs mandated by authorities.

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